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잡다한거/토익

토익문법정리 5-2 . 동사의 형태와 종류2







2.진행형/수동형/완료형

 

진행형 - She is waiting for her grandmother.

수동형 - Supplies were transported to the office.

완료형 - I have seen A Man of Many Wishes.

 

*be동사와 have 동사 다음에는 동사 원형이 올 수 없다.

My parents are(play , playing) golf this afternoon.

The form must be (distribute , distributed) by Tuesday.

We have (taste,tasted) the new Italian dish

 

3.자동사 vs 타동사, 3형식동사 vs 4형식동사


*
자동사+전치사+목적어 타동사+목적어

의미

자동사

타동사

말하다

Speak/talk(to)

Say (목적어1)

Tell(목적어2)

설명하다

Account(for)

Explain

답하다

Reply(to)

Answer

반대하다

Object(to)

Oppose

참석하다

Participate in

Attend

기다리다

Wait for

await

 

*that 1[3형식] vs that 2[4형식]

3형식+목적어(that)

4형식 + 1 + 2(that)

<SES>

(RIACA)

Say/mention/announce 말하다

Explain/describe 설명하다

Suggest/recommend/propose 제안하다

Remind 상기시키다

Inform/notify/apprise 공지하다

Assure 보장하다

Convince 설득하다

Advise알리다

The consultant (said,told) the owner that operating costs were too high

 






*주절에 주장.요청.명령,제안을 나타내는 동사/형용사/명사가 나오면, 종속절에는 동사원형

동사

주장 - insist

요구,요청 - ask,require,demand

명령 - order,command

제안,추천 - suggest,propose,recommand

형용사

Imperative/ essential (필수적인)

Important(중요한),necessary(필요한)

명사

advice

 

The airline requests that all baggage( is kept, be kept)

in the overhead compartment =>요청

 

it is essential that the process(is completed , be completed) in a timely fashion =>의무

 


*
제안,요청,의무를 의미하지 않는다면 that절에 동사 원형 사용 x

 

The article suggests(보여주다) that advertising(create/creates) higher consumer demand